NEURONUTRIÇÃO NO TRATAMENTO DE TRANSTORNOS NEUROPSIQUIÁTRICOS DE ANSIEDADE E DEPRESSÃO
UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Mots-clés :
Ansiedade, Depressão, Terapia Nutricional, FitoterapiaRésumé
Resumo: A ansiedade e a depressão são transtornos neuropsiquiátricos cada vez mais presentes e interferem diretamente na qualidade de vida de milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo. Embora a terapêutica farmacológica seja considerada uma intervenção de primeira linha, muitas delas apresentam baixa adesão ao tratamento e os riscos associados são altos. A Neuronutrição é uma área de estudo em nutrição que surge como recurso, através da relação alimento e funcionamento cerebral, para amenizar os sintomas e promover a homeostase orgânica em tais desordens. Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a influência do padrão de consumo alimentar na intensificação destes transtornos e como os compostos bioativos presentes nos alimentos, tanto quanto vitaminas e minerais podem ser significativos no tratamento da ansiedade e depressão em adultos e idosos por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Para a pesquisa bibliográfica, foram utilizadas as bases de dados SciELO, PubMed e CAPES para os seguintes descritores: ansiedade, depressão, nutrientes, ômega 3, vitamina D, cérebro-intestino, cérebro e nutrição. Foram selecionados os artigos publicados entre 2012 e 2022, no idioma português e inglês.
Palavras-chaves: Ansiedade. Depressão. Terapia Nutricional. Fitoterapia.
Abstract: Anxiety and depression are increasingly prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders that directly interfere with the quality of life of millions of people worldwide. Although pharmacological therapy is considered a first-line intervention, many patients exhibit low adherence to treatment, and the associated risks are high. Neuronutrition is a field of study in nutrition that emerges as a resource, through the relationship between food and brain function, to alleviate symptoms and promote organic homeostasis in such disorders. This study aimed to understand the influence of dietary consumption patterns on the intensification of these disorders and how bioactive compounds present in foods, as well as vitamins and minerals, can be significant in the treatment of anxiety and depression in adults and the elderly through a systematic literature review. For the bibliographic research, the SciELO, PubMed, and CAPES databases were used for the following descriptors: anxiety, depression, nutrients, omega-3, vitamin D, brain-gut, brain, and nutrition. Articles published between 2012 and 2022, in Portuguese and English, were selected.
Keywords: Anxiety. Depression. Nutritional Therapy. Herbal Medicine.
Resúmen: La ansiedad y la depresión son trastornos neuropsiquiátricos cada vez más prevalentes que interfieren directamente en la calidad de vida de millones de personas en todo el mundo. Si bien la terapia farmacológica se considera una intervención de primera línea, muchos pacientes presentan una baja adherencia al tratamiento y los riesgos asociados son elevados. La neuronutrición es un campo de estudio en nutrición que surge como un recurso, a través de la relación entre los alimentos y la función cerebral, para aliviar los síntomas y promover la homeostasis orgánica en estos trastornos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la influencia de los patrones de consumo dietético en la intensificación de estos trastornos y cómo los compuestos bioactivos presentes en los alimentos, así como las vitaminas y los minerales, pueden ser significativos en el tratamiento de la ansiedad y la depresión en adultos y ancianos mediante una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Para la investigación bibliográfica, se utilizaron las bases de datos SciELO, PubMed y CAPES para los siguientes descriptores: ansiedad, depresión, nutrientes, omega-3, vitamina D, cerebro-intestino, cerebro y nutrición. Se seleccionaron artículos publicados entre 2012 y 2022, en portugués e inglés.
Palabras clave: Ansiedad. Depresión. Terapia nutricional. Medicina herbaria.
Références
ALAVI, Negin Masoudi et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on depression in elderly patients: A randomized clinical trial. Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), v. 38, n. 5, p. 2065-2070, 2019.
ALLIDA, Sabine et al. Pharmacological, psychological and non-invasive brain stimulation interventions for preventing depression after stroke. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, v. 5, n. 5, 2020.
AMANI, Reza et al. Correlation Between Dietary Zinc Intakes and Its Serum Levels with Depression Scales in Young Female Students. Biological Trace Element Research, v. 137, p. 150-158, 2010.
ANGLIN, Rebecca E. S. et al. Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, v. 202, n. 2, p. 100-107, 2013.
AMERICAN Psychiatric Association (Orgs). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. American Psychiatric Association: 5. Ed, p. 189-225, 2013.
BELLONO, Nicholas W. et al. Enterochromaffin Cells Are Gut Chemosensors that Couple to Sensory Neural Pathways. Cell, [s.l], v. 170, n. 1, p. 185-198, 2017.
BOUKTHIR, Mouna et al. Vitamin D, stress, and depression: A mini-review. Agressologie: Revue internationale de physio-biologie et de pharmacologie appliquees aux effets de l'agression, v. 60, n. 7, p. 407-413, 2019.
BOYLE, Neil Bernard et al. The Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Subjective Anxiety and Stress-A Systematic Review. Nutrients, v. 9, n. 5, p. 429, 2017.
BRASIL. Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Consolidado de normas de registros e notificação de fitoterápicos. Brasília-DF, 2018.
BRASIL. Organização Pan-Americana de Saúde (OPAS). Aumenta o número de pessoas com depressão no mundo. Brasília-DF, 2017.
CALLAGHAN, R. C.; CUNNINGHAM, J. K.; KISH, S. J. Increased risk of hypertension in patients with major depressive disorder: A population-based study. Journal of hypertension, v. 35, n. 1, p. 97-103, 2017.
CESKOVA, Eva.; SILHAN, Petr. Novel treatment options in depression and psychosis. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment: [s.l], v. 14, p. 741–747, 2018.
DINAN, Timothy G.; CRYAN, John F. Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis and Mental Health. Psychosomatic Medicine, v. 79, n. 8, p. 920-926, 2017.
DIAS, Adriana R. O. Fitoterapia do Sistema Nervoso Central: O uso de Crocus sativus L. no tratamento da depressão. 2019. Dissertação (Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas), Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal.
DIREÇÃO geral de saúde. Depressão e outras Perturbações Mentais Comuns. p. 1–104, 2017.
ESMAILY, Habibollah. et al. An investigation of the effects of curcumin on anxiety and depression in obese individuals: A randomized controlled trial. Chinese journal of integrative medicine, v. 21, n. 5, p. 332-338, 2015.
EYLES, Darryl W. et al. Developmental vitamin D deficiency causes abnormal brain development. Psychoneuroendocrinology, v. 38, n. 9, p. 1445-1456, 2013.
FARD, Fatemeh E. et al. Effects of zinc and magnesium supplements on postpartum depression and anxiety: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Women & Health, v. 57, n. 9, p. 1115-1128, 2017.
FERNANDES, Helder M. A. et al. Neuronutrição na ótica da ansIedade e depressão: perspectivas durante o processo de envelhecimento. Anais do VII CIEH. Campina Grande: Realize Editora, dez. 2020.
FLÓREZ, Karen R. et al. Associations between depressive symptomatology, diet, and body mass index among participants in the supplemental nutrition assistance program. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, v. 115, n. 7, p. 1102-8, 2015.
FILHO, Orli C. S.; SILVA, Mariana P. Transtornos de ansiedade em adolescentes: considerações para a pediatria e hebiatria. Adolesc. Saúde (Online), Rio de Janeiro, v. 10, n. 3, p. 31-41, 2013.
FRANÇA, Cristineide L. et al. Contribuições da psicologia e da nutrição para a mudança do comportamento alimentar. Estudos de Psicologia, Natal, v.17, n. 2, p. 337-345, 2012.
GONÇALVES, Pablo F. et al. Alimentação funcional como suporte para melhor prognóstico da depressão. Anais I CONBRACIS, Campina Grande: Realize Editora, v. 0, p. 1-6, 2016.
GROSSO, Giuseppe. et al. Omega-3 fatty acids and depression: scientific evidence and biological mechanisms. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2014.
HAMEDIFARD, Zahra et al. The effects of combined magnesium and zinc supplementation on metabolic status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. Lipids in Health and Disease, v. 19, n. 1, p. 112, 2020.
HUANG, Ruifei et al. Recent advances in the relationship between probiotics, inflammation, and gut microbiota. Beneficial Microbes, v. 10, n. 8, p. 804-818, 2019.
HUANG, S. et al. Effects of probiotics on anxiety, depression, and sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, v. 70, n. 2, p. 170-177, 2019.
JACKA, Felice N. et al. Does reverse causality explain the relationship between diet and depression? Journal of Affective Disorders, [s.l], v. 175, p. 248-250, 2015.
JAFARI, Fatemah et al. Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Physical and Psychological
Symptoms, Biomarkers of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Brain-Derived
Neurotrophic Factor in Young Women with Premenstrual Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Biological Trace Element Research, v. 194, n. 1, p. 89-95, 2020.
JENKINS, Trisha A et al. Influence of Tryptophan and Serotonin on Mood and Cognition with a Possible Role of the Gut-Brain Axis. Nutrients, v. 8, n. 1, p. 56, 2016.
KESBY, James P. et al. Effects of vitamin D on inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Frontiers in physiology, v. 9, p. 306, 2018.
KIRKLAND, Anna E et al. The Role of Magnesium in Neurological Disorders. Nutrients, v. 10, n. 6, p. 730, 2018.
KHANDAKER, Golam M et al. Association of serum interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein in childhood with depression and psychosis in young adult life: a population-based longitudinal study. JAMA Psychiatry, v. 71, n. 10, p. 1121-8, 2014.
KHORAMINYA, Nafiseh et al. Therapeutic effects of Vitamin D as adjunctive therapy to fluoxetine in patients with major depressive disorder. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, v. 53, n. 12, p. 1202-1209, 2019.
KONING, Gabriella et al. Magnesium induces preconditioning of the neonatal brain via profound mitochondrial protection. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, v. 39, n. 6, p. 1038-1055, 2019.
KOSHKINA, Alexandra et al. Effects of Vitamin D3 in Long-Term Ovariectomized Rats Subjected to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress: BDNF, NT-3, and NT-4 Implications. Nutrients, v. 11, n. 8, p. 1726, 2019.
LAI, Jun et al. The efficacy of zinc supplementation in depression: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Journal of Affective Disorders, v. 136, n. 1-2, p. e31e39, 2012.
LINDSETH, Glenda et al. The effects of dietary tryptophan on affective disorders. Archives of psychiatric nursing, v. 29, n. 2, p. 102-7, 2015.
LIU, Yuying et al. Probiotics in Disease Prevention and Treatment. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, v. 58, n. S10, p. S164-S179, 2018.
LOPRESTI, Adrian L.; DRUMMOND Peter D. Efficacy of curcumin, and a saffron/curcumin combination for the treatment of major depression: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Affective Disorders, v. 207, p. 188-196, 2017.
LUKIC, Iva. et al. Antidepressants affect gut microbiota and Ruminococcus flavefaciens is able to abolish their effects on depressive-like behavior. Translational psychiatry, [s.l], v. 9, p. 133, 2019.
MARTÍNEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, Alejandro et al. Psychological and Sleep Effects of Tryptophan and Magnesium-Enriched Mediterranean Diet in Women with Fibromyalgia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, v. 17, n. 7, p. 2227, 2020.
MEYER, Urs et al. Vitamin D signaling and neuroprotection: neuromodulation of neuronal and glial calcium metabolism. Cell calcium, v. 58, n. 4, p. 431-441, 2015.
MŁYNIEC, Katarzyna et al. Essential elements in depression and anxiety. Part I. Pharmacological Reports, v. 64, n. 3, p. 542-558, 2012.
MOLENDIJK, Marc et al. Diet quality and depression risk: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Journal of Affective Disorders, v. 226, p. 346-354, 2018.
MORGESE, Maria G.; TRABACE, Luigia. Monoaminergic System Modulation in Depression and Alzheimer's Disease: A New Standpoint? Frontiers in Pharmacology, [s.l], v.10, p.483, 17, 2019.
NG, Qin Xiang et al. A meta-analysis of the use of probiotics to alleviate depressive symptoms. Journal of affective disorders, v. 228, p. 13-19, 2018.
NG, Qin Xiang et al. Clinical Use of Curcumin in Depression: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, v. 18, n. 6, p. 503-508, 2017.
OLIVIER, Jocelien D A et al. The role of the serotonergic and GABA system in translational approaches in drug discovery for anxiety disorders. Frontiers in pharmacology, v. 4, p. 74, 2013.
ORGANIZAÇÃO mundial de saúde. Estratégias da OMS sobre Medicina Tradicional, 2020.
OSIMO, Emanuele F. et al. Prevalence of low-grade inflammation in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of CRP levels. Psychological Medicine, v. 49, n. 12, p. 1958-1970, 2019.
POLAK, Maria A et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and depressive symptoms among young adult men and women. Nutrients, v. 6, n. 11, p. 4720-30, 2014. DOI: 10.3390/nu6114720.
PRATTE, Morgan A. et al. An alternative treatment for anxiety: a systematic review of human trial results reported for the Ayurvedic herb ashwagandha (Withania somnifera). Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (New York, N.Y.), v. 20, n. 12, p. 901-908, 2014.
RANG, H. P. et al. Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology. 8. ed. Churchill Livingstone: Elsevier, 2016.
RANJBAR, Elham et al. Effects of zinc supplementation on efficacy of antidepressant therapy, inflammatory cytokines, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with major depression. Nutritional Neuroscience, v. 17, n. 2, p. 65-71, 2014.
RANJBAR, Elham. et al. Effects of zinc supplementation on efficacy of antidepressant therapy, inflammatory cytokines, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with major depression. Nutritional neuroscience, v. 22, n. 2, p. 132-139, 2019.
RANJBAR, Elham. et al. Effects of zinc supplementation in patients with major depression: a randomized clinical trial. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, [s.l], v. 8, n. 2, p. 73-79, 2013.
ROGERS, G. B. et al. From gut dysbiosis to altered brain function and mental illness: mechanisms and pathways. Molecular psychiatry, [s.l], v. 21, p. 738-748, 2016.
RYSZEWSKA-POKRAŚNIEWICZ, Beata et al. Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Unipolar Depression: A Placebo-Controlled Study and Review of the Importance of Dosing and Magnesium Status in the Therapeutic Response. Nutrients, v. 10, n. 8, 1014, 2018.
SALVE, Jaysing et al. “Adaptogenic and Anxiolytic Effects of Ashwagandha Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study. Cureus vol. 11, no. 12, e6466, 2019.
SANMUKHANI, Jayesh et al. Efficacy and safety of curcumin in major depressive disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Phytotherapy Research, v. 28, n. 4, p. 579585, 2014.
SANTOS, J. G. M.; PRISCILLA, L. H.; OLIVEIRA, S. M. Zinc supplementation and its effects on symptomology and health outcomes of premenstrual syndrome: A systematic review. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, v. 51, p. 184-191, 2019.
SARRIS, J., et al. Adjunctive Nutraceuticals for Depression and Anxiety. American Journal of Psychiatry Residents' Journal, v. 14, n. 1, p. 2-6, 2019.
SARTORI, S. B. et al. Magnesium deficiency induces anxiety and HPA axis dysregulation: modulation by therapeutic drug treatment. Neuropharmacology: [s.l], v. 62, n. 1, p. 304-312, jan. 2012.
SCHAAD, K. A. et al. The relationship between vitamin D status and depression in a tactical athlete population. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, [s.l], v. 16, n. 1, p. 40, set. 2019.
SEREFKO, A. et al. Magnesium in depression. Pharmacological reports, v. 68, n. 3, p. 438-442, 2016.
SHIBABAW, Tewodros. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: anti-inflammatory and anti-hypertriglyceridemia mechanisms in cardiovascular disease. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, v. 476, n. 2, p. 993-1003, 2021.
SINGH, Narendra et al. An overview on ashwagandha: a Rasayana (rejuvenator) of Ayurveda. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines: AJTCAM, v. 8, n. 5 Suppl, p. 208-213, 2011.
SPEDDING, Simon. Vitamin D and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing studies with and without biological flaws. Nutrients, v. 6, n. 4, p. 15011518, 2014.
STAHL, Sarah T. et al. Coaching in healthy dietary practices in at-risk older adults: a case of indicated depression prevention. The American Journal of Psychiatry, [s.l], v. 171, n. 5, p. 499-505, 2014.
STYCZEŃ, Krzysztof et al. The serum zinc concentration as a potential biological marker in patients with major depressive disorder. Metabolic brain disease, v. 32, n. 1, p. 97-103, 2017.
SUTANTO, Clarinda N et al. The impact of tryptophan supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Nutrition reviews, v. 80, n. 2, p. 306-316, 2022.
SZEWCZYK, Bernadeta et al. The role of magnesium and zinc in depression: similarities and differences. Magnesium research, v. 31, n. 3, p. 78-89, 2018.
TARLETON, Emily K. et al. Role of magnesium supplementation in the treatment of depression: A randomized clinical trial. PloS one, v. 12, n. 6, p. e0180067, 2017.
TAHMASEBI, Kobra et al. Association of Mood Disorders with Serum Zinc Concentrations in Adolescent Female Students. Biological trace element research, v. 178, n. 2, p. 180-188, 2017.
THESING, Carisha S et al. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid levels in depressive and anxiety disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology, v. 87, p. 53-62, 2018.
YARY, Teymoor et al. Dietary magnesium intake and the incidence of depression: A 20-year follow-up study. Journal of affective disorders, v. 193, p. 94-98, 2016.
YEUNG, Simon K. et al. Herbal medicine for depression and anxiety: A systematic review with assessment of potential psycho-oncologic relevance. Phytotherapy Research: [s.l], v. 32, s. 5, p. 865-891, mai. 2018.
YOSAEE, Somaye et al. Effects of zinc, vitamin D, and their co-supplementation on mood, serum cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with obesity and mild to moderate depressive symptoms: A phase II, 12-wk, 2 × 2 factorial design, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrition, v. 71, 110601, 2020.
YU, Yangyang et al. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Curcumin in Microglial Cells. Frontiers in Pharmacology, v. 9, 386, 2018.
ZHANG, Qian et al. Effects of oral selenium and magnesium co-supplementation on lipid metabolism, antioxidative status, histopathological lesions, and related gene expression in rats fed a high-fat diet. Lipids in Health and Disease, v. 17, n. 1, p. 165, 2018.
Téléchargements
Publiée
Comment citer
Numéro
Rubrique
Catégories
Licence
© Duna: Revista Multidisciplinar de Inovação e Práticas de Ensino 2025
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
Copyright (c) 2025 Duna - Revista Multidisciplinar de Inovação e Práticas de Ensino.
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto sob a licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC-BY 4.0), que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que o trabalho original seja devidamente citado.
Para mais informações sobre a licença, consulte: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
