TEXT NECK SYNDROME

ASPECTS OF ETIOLOGY, REPERCUSSIONS, AND TREATMENT

Abstract

Abstract

Introduction: Technological advancements and prolonged use of mobile devices have been identified as key factors in the increased incidence of Text Neck Syndrome (TNS). This condition is characterized by excessive and sustained flexion of the cervical region, causing compression, biomechanical overload, and pain, frequently accompanied by headaches, muscle tension, and postural changes. In this context, preventive strategies such as stretching and health education have emerged as accessible and effective tools to minimize these impacts. Objective: To understand, based on available scientific evidence, Text Neck Syndrome, considering its causes, clinical manifestations, and stretching as a preventive strategy. Methodology: This study is characterized by a bibliographic survey on the subject, conducted in the SciELO and Google Scholar databases, encompassing publications between 2010 and 2024. Works addressing the definition of TNS, its musculoskeletal repercussions, and preventive measures were included. The data were categorized into four aspects: inadequate posture, use of mobile devices, cervical dysfunctions, and stretching. The research was conducted in accordance with bioethical principles and fully respected Resolution No. 466/12 of the National Health Council, which establishes guidelines and regulations for research involving human beings. Results: Based on the content of four studies, it was observed that sustained forward flexion of the head increases the load on the cervical spine, generating pain and biomechanical overload. Prolonged smartphone use was observed as a causal factor, leading to the maintenance of forward neck flexion for prolonged periods, associated with repetitive movements of the upper limbs, contributing to the emergence of musculoskeletal dysfunctions. Regarding associated symptoms, headaches, back pain, and upper limb pain were noted, in addition to straightening of the spinal curve, early onset of arthritis, and gastrointestinal problems. Regarding the effects of stretching, improvements in range of motion, reduction in joint stiffness, and prevention of musculoskeletal overload were observed, making it suitable for preventive and rehabilitation programs. Conclusion: Therefore, Text Neck Syndrome (TNS), directly related to the excessive use of mobile devices, requires preventive attention. The findings show that stretching, being a simple, accessible, and effective strategy, significantly contributes to reducing its impacts and minimizing clinical consequences.

Keywords: Text Neck Syndrome. Posture. Muscle Stretching. Health Education.